591 lines
16 KiB
YAML
591 lines
16 KiB
YAML
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layout: default
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title: Recipes
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type: recipes
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recipes:
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Read a DNS records:
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^: dns networking
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$: dig artgur.net +nostats +nocomments +nocmd
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I/O Stats:
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$: iostat
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Checking type of executable files:
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$: otool -hv test.so
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Gzip of image:
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^: compression, zip
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$: dd if=/dev/sdb | gzip > ~/backup.img.gz
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Progress with `dd`:
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$:
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- sudo dd if=2024-11-19-raspios-bookworm-armhf.img of=/dev/disk27 status=progress
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- sudo dd if=/dev/sdb | pv -s 5.29G | dd of=DriveCopy1.dd bs=4096
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- sudo pv ubuntu-24.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso | sudo dd of=/dev/disk27
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Get directory size:
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$: du -sh MacOSBackup
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Print all sizes in directory:
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$:
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- du -sh *
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- du -shc *
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Compare two files:
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$:
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- vim -d file1 file2
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- mcdiff file1 file2
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Disk manager:
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$: cfdisk /dev/sda
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List of disks:
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$: parted -l
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Informations about disk:
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$: fdisk -l /dev/sda
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Power off the disk:
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$: udisksctl power-off -b /dev/sdX
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Generate random password:
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$:
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- pwgen -s -1 32
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- openssl rand -hex 12
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List block devices:
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$: lsblk
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Linux headers:
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-
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$: uname -r
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-
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$: apt search linux-headers-$(uname -r)
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Show all disks with json format:
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$: lsblk -J
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List disk with uuid's:
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$: lsbkl -f
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vfat file system:
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- ➜: Create a file systyem
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$: mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdb4
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- ➜: Mount the file system
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$: mount -i -t vfat -oumask=0000,iocharset=utf8 /dev/sdb4 /root
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See what processes are using the drive:
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$: lsof /where/drive/is/mounted
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See what process opens the port:
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$:
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- lsof -p 6919
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- lsof -i :6919
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See the stats of IO:
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$:
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- apt install sysstat iotop
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- iostat -dh 2
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- iotop -o
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- sar -p -d -b 1
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- vmstat -d 1
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- vmstat -p /dev/sda2 1
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Rsync:
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$: rsync -ah --progress /Volumes/Data /Volumes/Data\ 1/Junk/1TB\ Drive
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reloading local DNS:
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$: sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start
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Print all processes in json format:
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$: |
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ps aux | awk -v OFS=, '{print $1, $2}' | jq -R 'split(",") | {user: .[0], pid: .[1]}'
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Split files:
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$: split -b 70M deno
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Search and execute command from the history:
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$: eval `history | fzf | cut -s -d " " -f4-`
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file: .zshrc
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content: |
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export HISTSIZE=100000000
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alias hexec='eval `history | fzf | cut -s -d " " -f4-`'
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Editing command with editor:
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file: ~/.zshrc
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content: bindkey '^e' edit-command-line
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Copy public ssh key:
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- cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | pbcopy
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change password that was saved in a variable:
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$: echo "$archpass" | passwd "$archuser" --stdin
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Git diff between branches:
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$: git diff release-1.2.0..release-1.2.1
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MacOS info aliases in `.zhrc`:
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file: .zhrc
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content: |
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alias cpu='sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string'
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alias cpu-temp='sudo powermetrics --samplers smc | grep -i "CPU die temperature"'
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alias gpu-temp='sudo powermetrics --samplers smc | grep -i "GPU die temperature"'
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alias lsusb='sudo ioreg -p IOUSB'
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alias allusb='ioreg -p IOUSB -w0 -l'
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Power metrics:
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$: sudo powermetrics --samplers all
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Install pods from non standard localisations:
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$: |
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pod 'WASHD', :git => 'https://github.com/vatlib/EasyUITextFields.git'
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pod 'WASHD', :path => '/Users/artur/projs/easyuitextfields'
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SQLite select and search results with FZF:
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$: echo "select * from bookmarks" | sqlite3 bookmarks.db | fzf
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Open file with FZF:
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$: nvim -o `fzf`
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Set default shell. ZSH in this case:
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$: sudo chsh --shell /usr/bin/zsh user
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Show Git object:
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$: pigz -d < .git/objects/02/f2cc93fee0b3cb7c9b75f49e4ded3f9b1480eb
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list of wireless cards:
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$: lspci -knn | grep Net -A2
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Scan networks:
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$: iwlist scan
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Shutdown:
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$: shutdown -h now
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Connect to the network:
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$: nmcli dev wifi connect TP-Link_5828 password my-secret-pass
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You can forward port `80` to `8090`:
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$: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8090
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Allow accepting connections on `8090`:
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$: iptables -I INPUT -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8090 -j ACCEPT
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Search files that contains particular string:
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$: grep -rnw "." -e "Search key"
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Remove garbage files:
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$: find ./ -name ".DS_Store" -depth -exec rm {} \;
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Find files, directories and symbolic links using regex:
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$: find ./ -iname `fo*` and `F??` -type f,d,l
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Make text from pipe uppercased:
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$:
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- cat file.txt | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
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- cat file.txt | tr [a-z] [A-Z]
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- tr [a-z] [A-Z] < linux.txt > output.txt
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Installing packages in python for an user:
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$: pip3 install --user meson
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Calling module through interpreter:
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$: python3 -m pip install six
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Remove spaces:
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$: cat file.txt | tr -d ' '
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Remove duplicate characters:
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input-file: domains.txt
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content: |
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www.google.....com
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www.linkedin.com
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www.linuxsay.com
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$: cat domains.txt | tr -s '.'
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output: |
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www.google.com
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www.linkedin.com
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Extract digit:
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$:
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- echo "My UID is $UID" | tr -cd "[:digit:]\n"
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- echo "My UID is $UID" | tr -d "a-zA-Z"
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Translate single character:
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$: echo "My UID is $UID" | tr " " "\n"
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Get path by number:
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$: echo $PATH | cut -d ":" -f 1
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list search path line by line:
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$: echo $PATH | tr ":" "\n"
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Screen capture:
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$:
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- ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size 1280x800 -framerate 25 -i $DISPLAY -c:v ffvhuff screen.mkv
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- ffmpeg -video_size 1280x800 -framerate 25 -f x11grab -i :0.0 -f pulse -ac 2. \
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-i default -vcodec vp8 -acodec libvorbis myvideo_$(date +%d_%B_%Y_%H:%M).webm
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Take a screenshot:
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$:
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- xwd -root -out screenshot.xwd
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- maim -s -u | xclip -selection clipboard -t image/png -i
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- imlib2_grab screenshot.png
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Install Python package for the user:
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$: python3 -m pip install --user pyelftools
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Erase free space:
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$: sudo diskutil secureErase freespace 1 /Volumes/Data\ Drive
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Format disk:
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$: sudo diskutil eraseDisk ExFAT data /dev/disk26
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Search for commit:
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$: alias gf='git log --all --oneline | fzf'
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Converts all files in current directory revursevely:
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install: brew install imagemagick
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tags: convert image-magic
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$: alias rmalfa='find . -name “*.png” -exec convert “{}” -alpha off “{}” \;'
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Weather alias:
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$: alias weather='curl wttr.in'
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Starting an electron app on wayland:
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- ➜: Start chromium using wayland
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$: chromium --enable-features=UseOzonePlatform --ozone-platform=wayland
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- ➜: The same for electron-based apps
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$: |
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`app-executable` --enable-features=UseOzonePlatform \
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--ozone-platform=wayland
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Save website As PDF:
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file: .zshrc
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content: |
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function aspdf {
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/Applications/Google\ Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google\ Chrome --headless --print-to-pdf="./$1.pdf" $2
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}
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$: aspdf "filename" "https://domain.com/example.pdf"
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Export Markdown as PDF:
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$:
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- pandoc README.md -o README.pdf
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- pandoc --from=gfm --to=pdf -o README.pdf README.md
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Gem path:
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content: |
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export GEM_HOME=$HOME/.gem
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path=("$GEM_HOME/bin" $path)
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QEMU - port forwarding:
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$: |
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qemu-system-i386 -net nic,model=rtl8139 \
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-net user,hostfwd=tcp::3389-:3389,hostfwd=tcp::443-:443,hostfwd=tcp::992-:992
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SQL using regex:
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description: Add a check constraint to the `id` column to enforce alphanumeric strings of exactly 5 characters long
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$: ALTER TABLE short_urls ADD CONSTRAINT id CHECK (id ~ '^[a-zA-Z0-9]{5}$');
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Console font size:
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description: Edit file → `/etc/default/console-setup`
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$: dpkg-reconfigure -plow console-setup
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Redirect errors to null device:
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$: find / 2>/dev/null
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Installing nonfree firmware from repository:
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description: |
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I.e: Firmware for nonfree driver for Intel's WIFI cards.
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https://packages.debian.org/sid/firmware-iwlwifi
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$: apt-get update && apt-get install firmware-linux-nonfree
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Installing nonfree firmware from manufacturer:
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- ➜: Search for binary. An example
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link: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005511/wireless.html
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- ➜: Extract and copy like
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$: cp iwlwifi-cc-a0-46.ucode /lib/firmware
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Linux - RAM disk:
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description: This might be useful for spead up programs that heavily use disk
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$: mount -t TYPE -o size=SIZE FSTYPE MOUNTPOINT
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info: |
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* `TYPE` → either `tmpfs` or `ramfs`.
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* `SIZE` → ie. `512m`
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* `FSTYPE` → File system type, either `tmpfs`, `ramfs`, `ext4`, etc.
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file: /etc/fstab
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content: tmpfs /mnt/ramdisk tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec,nodiratime,size=1024M 0 0
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fstab:
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➜: Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifiers, and can be used in fstab file like
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file: /etc/fstab
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content: |
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# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
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UUID=1a38b8ca-e1f5-45e6-bbe8-3abd2775b3a6 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
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/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
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/dev/disk/by-uuid/4D3C-4E36 /mnt/4D3C-4E36 auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0
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UUID=e21eebe4-471a-4375-8c4c-618b3733a940 /home ext4 nodev,nosuid 0 2
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Linux - Mount disk from `qcow2` image:
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- ➜: Step 1 - Enable NBD on the Host
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$: modprobe nbd max_part=8
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- ➜: Step 2 - Connect the QCOW2 as network block device
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$: qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd0 /var/lib/vz/images/100/vm-100-disk-1.qcow2
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- ➜: Step 3 - Find The Virtual Machine Partitions
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$: fdisk /dev/nbd0 -l
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- ➜: Step 4 - Mount the partition from the VM
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$: mount /dev/nbd0p1 /mnt/somepoint/
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- ➜: Step 5 - After you done, unmount and disconnect
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$:
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- umount /mnt/somepoint/
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|
|
- qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd0
|
|||
|
|
- rmmod nbd
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Ubuntu - Power management - make Ubuntu do nothing when laptop lid is closed:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Open the `/etc/systemd/logind.conf` file in a text editor as root, for example
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo -H gedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: If `HandleLidSwitch` is not set to ignore then change it
|
|||
|
|
$: HandleLidSwitch=ignore
|
|||
|
|
note: |
|
|||
|
|
Other settings that the action can be ignored: `HandleLidSwitchExternalPower`, `HandleLidSwitchDocked`, `IdleAction`.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Restart the systemd daemon (be aware that this command will log you out)
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- sudo systemctl restart systemd-logind
|
|||
|
|
- sudo service systemd-logind restart
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Chroot environment of Debian sid:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Install Bootstrap
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo apt install debootstrap
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Create a directory that you want to use for the base system (_chroot-debian_ in this case)
|
|||
|
|
$: mkdir chroot-debian
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Create a base system
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo debootstrap sid chroot-debian http://deb.debian.org/debian
|
|||
|
|
note: Valid names `sid`, `stable` or any debian code name
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Mount filesystems
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- sudo mount -o bind /dev chroot-debian/dev
|
|||
|
|
- sudo mount -t sysfs none chroot-debian/sys
|
|||
|
|
- sudo mount -o bind /proc chroot-debian/proc
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Optionally, copy DNS resolver configuration.
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /path/to/chroot-env/etc/resolv.conf
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Start chrooting
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo chroot chroot-debian /bin/bash
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Once done, exit the session and unmount
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo umount chroot-debian/dev chroot-debian/proc
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Pass variables to chrooted environment:
|
|||
|
|
$: chroot ./ env -i PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Allowing user to run a command as root:
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo visudo
|
|||
|
|
content: artur ALL=(ALL) chroot /path/to/chroot-env
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Nginx - serving files setup DAV:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Full version with 3rd party extensions
|
|||
|
|
$: apt install nginx-full nginx-extras
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
-
|
|||
|
|
content: |
|
|||
|
|
location / {
|
|||
|
|
index nonextistent;
|
|||
|
|
autoindex on;
|
|||
|
|
autoindex_format json;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
location /restricted {
|
|||
|
|
fancyindex on;
|
|||
|
|
fancyindex_exact_size off;
|
|||
|
|
auth_basic "Restricted";
|
|||
|
|
auth_basic_user_file "/etc/nginx/.htpasswd";
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
location /dropbox {
|
|||
|
|
index nonextistent;
|
|||
|
|
autoindex on;
|
|||
|
|
autoindex_format json;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
dav_methods PUT DELETE MKCOL COPY MOVE;
|
|||
|
|
dav_ext_methods PROPFIND OPTIONS LOCK UNLOCK;
|
|||
|
|
dav_access user:rw group:r all:r;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# client_max_body_size 0;
|
|||
|
|
create_full_put_path on;
|
|||
|
|
client_body_temp_path /tmp/;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
limit_except GET PROPFIND OPTIONS HEAD {
|
|||
|
|
auth_basic "Restricted";
|
|||
|
|
auth_basic_user_file "/etc/nginx/.htpasswd";
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
# auth_pam "Restricted";
|
|||
|
|
# auth_pam_service_name "common-auth";
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Create password
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- echo -n 'sammy:' >> /etc/nginx/.htpasswd
|
|||
|
|
- openssl passwd -apr1 >> /etc/nginx/.htpasswd
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Another method to set the password
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- htpasswd -c /etc/nginx/.htpasswd sammy
|
|||
|
|
- htpasswd /etc/nginx/.htpasswd another_user
|
|||
|
|
note: UI Client `Cyberduck`
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Backing up the entire OS:
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo rsync -aAXHv / --exclude={"/dev/*","/proc/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/run/*","/mnt/*","/media/*","/lost+found"} /mnt
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Python:
|
|||
|
|
$: apt install python3-full
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Check battery:
|
|||
|
|
- $:
|
|||
|
|
- upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT0
|
|||
|
|
- upower -i `upower -e | grep 'BAT'`
|
|||
|
|
- upower -i $(upower -e | grep BAT) | grep --color=never -E "state|to\ full|to\ empty|percentage"
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Battery capacity
|
|||
|
|
$: cat /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/capacity
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: ACPI
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- apt install acpi
|
|||
|
|
- acpi -V
|
|||
|
|
- acpi -t
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Watch the status for example
|
|||
|
|
$: watch --interval=5 acpi -V
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
How to scan open ports:
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- nmap -sT -p- 10.10.8.8
|
|||
|
|
- nmap -p 80 127.0.0.1
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Remove non ASCII characters form the file:
|
|||
|
|
$: sed 's/[^[:print:]\t]//g' script.sh > cleaned_script.sh
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Network Manager:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Check Status
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- pacman -S networkmanager
|
|||
|
|
- systemctl status NetworkManager
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- $:
|
|||
|
|
- nmcli dev status
|
|||
|
|
- nmcli radio wifi
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- $: nmcli radio wifi on
|
|||
|
|
- $: nmcli dev wifi list
|
|||
|
|
- $: nmcli dev wifi connect network-ssid
|
|||
|
|
- $: nmcli dev wifi connect network-ssid password "network-password"
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: With password promot
|
|||
|
|
$: nmcli dev wifi connect network-ssid password "network-password"
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- $: nmcli con show
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- $:
|
|||
|
|
- nmcli con down ssid/uuid
|
|||
|
|
- nmcli con up ssid/uuid
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- $: ip link set eno1 up
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
DHCP Client:
|
|||
|
|
$: pacman -S dhclient dhcpcd
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Turn dchp on for the interface:
|
|||
|
|
$: dhclient eth0 -v
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Create file:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
content: |
|
|||
|
|
cat > filename <<- "EOF"
|
|||
|
|
file contents
|
|||
|
|
more contents
|
|||
|
|
EOF
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Get data about file include number of links:
|
|||
|
|
$: stat f1
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
File decryption:
|
|||
|
|
$: openssl aes256 -md sha256 -d -in file.enc.zip -out file.zip -pass pass:"<password>"
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Base64:
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- openssl base64 -in qrcode.png -out qrcode.png.base64
|
|||
|
|
- openssl base64 -in qrcode.png
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Extract tar.xz:
|
|||
|
|
$: tar -xJf file.tar.xz -C destination
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Execute command:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Execute `ls` for each each object in current directory that starts from `D` or `M`
|
|||
|
|
$: ls {D*,M*}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ➜: Utworzenie dwóch katalogów `test_a`, `test_b`
|
|||
|
|
$: mkdir test_{a,b}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Copy content of directory and merge it. Dereference links:
|
|||
|
|
$: cp -LTr /form/ .
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
JSON Linux apis:
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- tree -J
|
|||
|
|
- ls -l | jq -R -s -c 'split("\n")[:-1]'
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
List dependencies:
|
|||
|
|
$:
|
|||
|
|
- pacman -Sy lld
|
|||
|
|
- llvm-nm
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Find location of executable:
|
|||
|
|
$: type -a python
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Execute Command when file is changed:
|
|||
|
|
-
|
|||
|
|
$: brew install fswatch
|
|||
|
|
-
|
|||
|
|
$: fswatch -o . --exclude "\.build.*$" | xargs -n1 -I{} your-command
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Add capabilities:
|
|||
|
|
description: allow all to open 443 port
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' ./service
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Test speed of the drive:
|
|||
|
|
$: sudo hdparam -t --direct /dev/mmcblk0
|